MUSCLES OF THE NECK & SPINE

 

MUSCLES OF THE NECK

STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

Inferior attachment: Manubrium of the sternum, medial 1/3 of the clavicle

Superior attachment: Mastoid Process of the temporal bone

Action: Unilateral: Opposite side rotation and lateral flexion of the head and neck. Bilateral: flexion of the head and neck

Nerve: Spinal Accessory (Cranial Nerve XI)

  

SPLENIUS CAPITUS

Inferior attachment: Inferior portion of ligamentum nuchae; Spinous process of C7-T3

Superior attachment: Mastoid process of the temporal bone and the adjacent aspect of the occipital bone

Action: Unilateral: Same side rotation and lateral flexion of the head and neck. Bilateral: extension of the head and neck

Nerve: Posterior branches of cervical nerves

 

SPLENIUS CERVICUS

Inferior attachment: Spinous process of T3-T6

Superior attachment: Transverse processes of C1-C3

Action: Unilateral: Same side rotation and lateral flexion of the head and neck. Bilateral: extension of the head and neck

Nerve: Posterior branches of cervical nerves

 

MUSCLES OF THE SPINE

You will not be required to know the exact attachments of the musculature of the spine (except where indicated). What you should understand is: a) the names of the muscle groups; b) the locations of the muscle groups; c) the actions and functions of the muscle groups. I strongly recommend that you use this outline and the material on pages 187-191 and page 197 in the Thompson text to guide your studying.

 

a. Erector Spinae MOST SUPERFICIAL GROUP OF SPINE EXTENSORS - 3 PARTS

1. Iliocostalis Lateral
          1. Cervicis
          2. Thoracis
          3. Lumborum

2. Longissimus Middle
          1. Capitus
          2. Cervicis
          3. Thoracis

3. Spinalis Medial
          1. Capitus
          2. Cervicis
          3. Thoracis

b. Transversospinalis LOCATED DEEP TO THE ERECTOR SPINAE - 3 PARTS

1. Semispinalis Superficial
          1. Capitus
          2. Cervicis
          3. Thoracis

2. Multifidi Intermediate

3. Rotators Deep

c. Interspinales

d. Intertransversarii


QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

Inferior attachment: Posterior aspect, inner lip of the iliac crest

Superior attachment: Rib 12, transverse processes of L1-L4

Action: Unilateral: Lateral flexion of the trunk